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Aluminium oxide, also referred to as alumina, aloxide or aluminum hydroxide (Al2O3), is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen. It is one of the most common technical ceramics materials used for a wide range of applications in the industries such as refractory, glass and ceramic.
Aluminium hydroxide is a by-product of the extraction process of aluminium ore, called bauxite. The bauxite is mixed with caustic soda and heated to temperatures of about 230-520 degF (110-270 degC) in a slurry to form the solution, aluminium hydroxide.
The solution is filtered to remove the residue of "red mud" impurities and transferred into precipitator tanks where it cools down and seeds stimulate a precipitation process, allowing solid aluminum hydroxide crystals to form. The aluminised solution is then transferred or pumped to the alumina smelters for use in the production of metal.
The alumina is then used as a raw material for advanced ceramics and has many different levels of purity which can be provided depending on the application. It has high strength and hardness, and is resistant to corrosion. It is often used in the manufacture of a variety of products including mechanical seals, bearings, abrasives and coatings. The alumina has a very low melting point and is a good electrical insulator, making it ideal for use in a wide range of applications. It is also a popular filler for plastics and a common ingredient in sunscreen. It is also an abrasive, and a good polishing and grinding agent in the ceramic industry.
