2023-07-07

Aluminium Oxide at Room Temperature

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The chemical aluminium oxide at room temperature is an inorganic compound with the formula Al2O3. It is a white solid, which consists of two aluminum atoms bonding to oxygen atoms. The chemical is an amphoteric substance, which means it interacts with both acids and bases. It is most commonly found in the crystalline form of corundum, which contains gem-quality rubies and sapphires. It can also be used as an abrasive material or in cutting tools. Alpha-alumina, alumina, alkoxide, and alundum are other names for the compound.

The strong ionic and covalent bonds between the aluminium and oxygen ions give the material outstanding hardness, high melting point, and resistance to chemical attack, especially with orthophosphoric acid and hydrofluoric acid. These properties make it an excellent choice for abrasive blasting and for use in ceramic materials.

It is a key element in the formation of gemstones such as rubies and sapphires. The crystalline form of aluminium oxide, corundum, forms the base for these precious jewels. Their color variations come from impurities in the gems such as chromium and titanium.

Aluminum oxide refractories are a critical part of many industrial applications, from wire guides and machinery seals to metering devices and high-temperature electrical insulators. They have good abrasion resistance, excellent compression strength, and are unaffected by chemicals and thermal shock at elevated temperatures.

The inhalation of gamma-alumina powder in the laboratory has been shown to cause irritation to the lungs, throat and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure may lead to fibrosis of the lungs, as well as other diseases such as pneumoconiosis.

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